The schools had been classified by the Chilean Ministry out of Studies into around three account, specifically low-finding universities, mid-reaching universities and you will high-gaining universities, established new abilities of its college students throughout SIMCE examination ( 32 ) .
Anthropometric dimensions and nutritional reputation
Standardized procedures were used to measure students’ weight to the nearest 0·1 kg, using a Seca scale (SECA, Hamburg, Germany), and height to the nearest 0·1 cm, using a Holtain stadiometer. All instruments were verified before measuring each participant ( Reference Gibson 33 ) . BMI (kg/m 2 ) and height-for-age were evaluated, and Z-scores were obtained according to the references of the Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Health Statistics (USA) ( Reference Kuczmarski, Ogden and Guo 34 ) . Nutritional status was defined as follows: underweight, BMI Z-score
Socio-financial standing
Socio-economic position (SES) are measured playing with a scale considering Graffar’s altered approach hence was adjusted to help you Chilean urban and rural populations ( Resource Alvarez, Muzzo and you may Ivaple on the four socio-economic teams: 1=highest (0·step 3 %); 2=mid–higher (14·eight %); 3=middle (step 38·step three %); 4=mid–reduced (45·six %); and 5=low (step one·1 %). But not, inside our data we combined these types of five kinds to your about three: higher (1+2), center (3) and you may low (4+5) SES.
Analytical investigation
Statistical analysis included performing ? 2 tests to compare categorical variables, and ANOVA and Bonferroni tests for comparison of continuous variables. After performing bivariate analyses with each potential confounding variable, including sex, grade, nutritional status, SES and school’s performance, we used logistic regression to assess the relationship between the nutritional quality of snacks at school (exposure) and individual academic performance in Mathematics and Language (outcome). In each case, the probability of passing the test was estimated using three models. In the second model, SES was added. Finally, a fully adjusted model contained all mentioned covariates with the addition of a variable denoting the school’s academic performance. Because the variable school’s performance was partly derived from the outcome variables, this adjustment may cause underestimation of the association, so we included models with and without adjustment for school’s performance. A P value of <0·05 denoted statistical significance. Data were processed using the statistical software package Stata SE for Windows version 12·0.
Performance
Our very own try is made upwards regarding 13·step 1 ( sd dos·3) year-dated men (52 %) and ladies (48 %) kids away from reasonable (44·3 %), middle (39·6 %) and you will high (step 16·1 %) SES. It went to 5th (51·nine %) and 9th (48·step 1 %) grade publicly (34·8 %), partly subsidized (57·8 %) and private colleges (7·cuatro %) regarding the Santiago Urban Region. In terms of health position, 45 % regarding members was in fact over weight or overweight. Almost 1 / 2 of the students (forty-eight %) went to highest-finding colleges, while 31 % and you will 23 % attended mid- and you can reduced-gaining colleges, correspondingly.
About take to, 56 % away from people advertised usage of products during the treat day that were stuffed with lbs, sugar, salt and energy. Thirty-half a dozen per cent have been considered having terrible-to-fair snack, while merely 8 % was indeed thought to consume fit things within the treat date during the college or university. Dining table step one has the detailed pÅ™ipojenà latinamericancupid statistics of one’s attempt. Average beliefs away from scores inside Language and you will Math was indeed somewhat ong individuals with all the way down health top-notch delicacies in school (P=0·01). The fresh share away from youngsters sipping below average items in school are notably high one of 9th graders (59 %; P=0·040), children browsing reduced-reaching schools (61 %; P=0·036), including among skinny and you can normal-weight professionals (69 % and you will 62 %, respectively; P=0·006).
